A layover can be a quick rest or a logistical challenge, depending on the airport, the time between flights, and your level of preparation. Whether your stopover is brief or extends over several hours, careful planning can help ensure a smooth airport transfer.
1. Understand your layover type
Domestic to domestic: If your connection is within the same country and involves no customs clearance, the process is usually simple. Follow transfer signs and proceed to your next gate;
International to domestic: You will often need to pass through immigration and customs at your first point of entry, claim your checked bags if required, and recheck them before proceeding to your domestic flight;
International to international: In many airports, you may stay in the transit area without clearing immigration. However, if you need to change terminals or airlines, check whether you must clear immigration and recheck baggage.
2. Plan your connection time carefully
Allow a minimum of 45 minutes to 1 hour for domestic layovers;
For international layovers, 1.5 to 3 hours is generally recommended, depending on airport size and the need for immigration processing;
If changing airports within a city, factor in transit time and potential traffic delays.
3. Know your airport layout
Study the airport map ahead of time through the airport’s website or app;
Identify your arrival and departure terminals, especially at large hubs with multiple terminals;
Look up terminal transfer options such as shuttles, trains, or walking paths.
4. Manage your baggage
If traveling on a single itinerary, your bags are often checked through to your final destination;
If using separate tickets or changing airlines, verify whether you must collect and recheck your baggage;
Always confirm baggage policies, especially when connecting between full-service and low-cost carriers.
5. Prepare for security and immigration
Have all necessary documents ready, including boarding passes, visas, and proof of onward travel;
Be aware of immigration requirements even for transit passengers. Some countries require a transit visa even if you do not leave the airport;
Understand security screening procedures. You may need to go through security again when changing terminals or airlines.
6. Make use of your layover time
Use airport lounges, dining areas, or quiet zones to rest or recharge. Many airports offer free amenities such as Wi-Fi, showers, or sleeping pods;
If you have a long layover and the airport permits, consider a brief city tour or hotel stay near the airport;
Monitor flight updates and gate changes regularly through the airline app or airport displays.
Special considerations
Passengers with reduced mobility (PWDs), families with infants, and unaccompanied minors should request special assistance services in advance;
Business travelers may benefit from lounge access and priority services to make the most of limited layover time;
Travelers with medical needs should carry essential medications and plan for any required services in transit.
With proper preparation and awareness of airport procedures, layovers can become a manageable and even enjoyable part of your journey rather than a stressful obstacle.